Sinusitis Tests & Sinusitis Treatments at University of Colorado Hospital

Tests for Sinusitis

The diagnosis of acute sinus problems can be challenging, as it is not always clear if infection (bacterial) is present or if the common cold (viral) is to blame. Your doctor will diagnose sinusitis after obtaining a complete medical history and physical examination of the tissues of the nose.

Additional tests may include:

Nasal endoscopy – to examine the inside of the nose with a special camera and telescope

Computerized tomography (CT) scan – to obtain detailed x-ray pictures of the sinuses may be needed for patients with chronic (long-lasting) sinusitis

Treatments for Sinusitis

The primary goal when treating sinusitis is to decrease the inflammation in the nose and sinus openings to improve sinus drainage. Your doctor may use one or more of the following treatments:

Nasal wash of the nose and sinuses with saltwater or saline – to help remove mucus, bacteria and viruses

Steroid nasal spray – to decrease inflammation and mucus production. Sprays may take several weeks of regular use to take effect.

Antibiotics – to treat bacterial infections in the sinus cavities. Antibiotic treatment may require one to three weeks or longer to be effective.

Decongestants – to unblock sinus openings

Antihistamines – to stop the effects of histamines, which are the main chemicals produced by allergic reactions

Pain relief medications – to ease the discomfort caused by facial pressure and fight fever

Systemic steroids – to treat severe nasal and sinus inflammation. These medicines have potential side effects, including high blood pressure, increased blood sugar production and mood changes, so their use must be carefully monitored by your doctor.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) – to treat sinusitis if medical therapies have not worked. In FESS, your doctor uses nasal endoscopy to get a magnified view of the nose and sinuses, and then removes tissue that is diseased or is blocking the sinus cavities.